Women's empowerment and its association with fertility preference are vital for central-level promotional health policy strategies. This study examines the association between women's empowerment and fertility decision-making in low and middle resource countries (LMRCs).
This cross-sectional study uses the Demographic and Health Survey database.
53 LMRCs from six different regions for the period ranging from 2006 to 2018.
The data of women-only aged 35 years and above is used as a unit of analysis. The final sample consists of 91?070 married women.
We considered two outcome variables women's perceived ideal number of children and their ability to achieve preferred fertility desire and the association with women empowerment. Women empowerment was measured by their participation in household decision-making and attitude towards wife-beating. The negative binomial regression model was used to assess women's perceived ideal number of children, and multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate women's perceived fertility desire can be achieved by enhancing their empowerment. Therefore, a modified community-based family planning programme at the national level is required, highlighting the importance of women's empowerment on reproductive healthcare as a part of the mission to assist women and couples to have only the number of children they desire.To validate and test the dimensionality of six constructs from the Workplace Integrated Safety and Health (WISH) assessment, an instrument that assesses the extent to which organisations implement integrated systems approaches for protecting and promoting worker health, safety and well-being, in a sample of nursing homes in the USA.
Validation of an assessment scale using data from a cross-sectional survey.
Nursing homes certified by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare services in three states of the USA Ohio, California and Massachusetts.
569 directors of nursing from nursing homes serving adults and with more than 30 beds participated in the study.
Graded response Item Response Theory (IRT) models showed that five out of six constructs were unidimensional based on balanced interpretation of model fit statistics-M2 or C2 with p value &gt;0.05, Comparative Fit Index &gt;0.95, lower bound of the root mean squared error of approximation 90% CI &lt;0.06 and standardised root mean square residual &lt;0.08. Overall measure and construct reliability ranged from acceptable to good. Category boundary location parameters indicated that items were most informative for respondents in lower range of latent scores (ie, β, β, βtypically below 0). A few items were recommended to be dropped from future administrations of the instrument based on empirical and substantive interpretation.
The WISH instrument has utility to understand to what extent organisations integrate protection and promotion of worker health, safety and well-being; however, it is most informative in organisations that present lower scores.
The WISH instrument has utility to understand to what extent organisations integrate protection and promotion of worker health, safety and well-being; however, it is most informative in organisations that present lower scores.To validate the self-reported diagnoses of gynaecological and breast cancers in a nationwide prospective cohort study of nursing professionals the Japan Nurses' Health Study (JNHS).
Retrospective analysis of the JNHS.
Data were reviewed for 15?717 subjects. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Compk.html The mean age at baseline was 41.6±8.3 years (median 41), and the mean follow-up period was 10.5±3.8 years (median 12). Participants are regularly mailed a follow-up questionnaire once every 2 years. Respondents who self-reported a positive cancer diagnosis were sent an additional confirmation questionnaire and contacted the diagnosing facility to confirm the diagnosis based on medical records. A review panel of experts verified the disease status. Regular follow-up, confirmation questionnaires and expert review were validated for their positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).
New incidences were verified in 37, 47, 26 and 300 cervical, endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer cases, respectively. The estimated incidence rates were 22.0, 25.4, 13.8 and 160.4 per 100?000 person-years. These were comparable with those of national data from regional cancer registries in Japan. For regular follow-up, the corresponding PPVs for cervical, endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer were 16.9%, 54.2%, 45.1% and 81.4%, and the NPVs were 100%, 99.9%, 99.9% and 99.9%, respectively. Adding the confirmation questionnaire improved the PPVs to 31.5%, 88.9%, 76.7% and 99.9%; the NPVs were uniformly 99.9%. Expert review yielded PPVs and NPVs that were all ~100%.
Gynaecological cancer cannot be accurately assessed by self-reporting alone. Additionally, the external validity of cancer incidence in this cohort was confirmed.
Gynaecological cancer cannot be accurately assessed by self-reporting alone. Additionally, the external validity of cancer incidence in this cohort was confirmed.Many barriers prevent Muslims' accessing mental health services, the aim of this systematic review is to gain an understanding regarding these barriers and consider how they vary across different Muslim communities resident in different countries.
Systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase and Index Islamicus databases for studies published in English in addition to the Saudi Digital Library for studies published in Arabic. The review will include quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies published in peer-review journals since 1980. Methodological quality and risk of bias of included papers will be critically appraised independently according to the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Thematic synthesis will be used to extract outcome and analyse data from studies included in the review.
There are considered to be no ethical issues. Findings will be disseminated in both English and Arabic to clinicians and researchers via journal publication and conference presentation(s).